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17 Bit Software 6: Level 6
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Leaders.txt
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1995-02-27
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Just a few words about the leaders involved in controlling the
battle. Dowding and Park have been mentioned, and there is no
doubt that the foresight of Dowding played a significant part in
the victory achieved. Of course, any amount of planning can only
give the right result if the people carrying out the plans are up
to the task.
Goering had committed the Luftwaffe to the destruction of the
RAF. No doubt, after the performance of the Luftwaffe in the
Spanish Civil War, then in Poland, Norway and the Low Countries,
he had reason to believe in their virtual invincibility.
However, a number of factors were against him. The British were
largely fighting 'at home'. Damaged planes were more likely to be
landed safely of parts recovered. Pilots could bale out and fight
again. The British aircraft were fighting with full tanks and
with their backs to the wall. The Germans were at maximum range,
and possibly a little to confident.
Some of the German aircraft had performed deceptively well
against weak opposition, but could not live against a determined
fighter force - the Bf110 and, in particular, the Ju87 Stuka. The
belief that the bomber could get trough against the fighter in
daylight was partly vindicated, but at what cost !
The loss ratio was, in truth rather than as claimed at the time,
about 2 to 1 in favour of the RAF. It is thus debateable which
air force would have run out of men and front line machines first
if the battle had carried on. The result would have been very
close.
There were also planning errors. The Germans switched attacks
from airfields and radar to the cities - London. Continued
attacks on the airfields may well have done great damage to the
fighter forces ability to respond.
Goering was at the height of his political power in 1940, and
though he was often portrayed as a rotund buffoon with a like of
dressing up, he could be astute and demanding if the situation
demanded it.
He had been in command of the Richthofen Geschwader at the end of
WW1 - no mean feat.
Generalfeldmarschall Albert Kesselring was commander of the
biggest airfleet - Luftflotte 2, based in Brussels. He had served
in the army during WW1 and transferred to the fledgling Luftwaffe
in 1933.
He held a series of important posts up to the time of the battle.
He was an officer of the old school - a ready smile and courteous
but firm. He was highly respected by his men.
Generalfeldmarschall Hug Sperrle commanded Luftflotte 3 from
Paris. During WW1 he had served with the Imperial Flying Service,
but transferred to the army after that conflict. He returned to
the Luftwaffe in 1935 and commanded the Condor Legion, the
Luftwaffe contingent sent to fight in the Spanish Civil War.
Sperrle was rather different to Kesselring, an aloof figure and a
stickler for protocol.
Hans-Jurgen Stumpff was commander of Luftflotte 5 in Norway and
Denmark. This airfleet was badly mauled during it's attacks on NE
England on August 15 th. and took little further part in the
battle.